HomeMy WebLinkAbout32-13-14-Seashell-Concrete-Paving_Rev_1Dennis Yarmouth Intermediate Middle School January 19, 2021
Dennis Yarmouth Regional School District 100% Construction Documents
Perkins Eastman DPC, project #71011
32 13 14 SEASHELL CONCRETE PAVING
1 of 14
Section 32 13 14
SEASHELL CONCRETE PAVING
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.1 SUMMARY
A. Drawings and General Provisions of the Contract, including General and
Supplementary Conditions and Division 01 Specification Sections, apply to this
Section.
B. Massachusetts Highway Department (MHD), Standard Specifications for
Highways and Bridges, latest Edition with amendments, hereinafter referred to as
the “Standard Specifications”.
C. Massachusetts Highway Department (MHD), Construction Standards, latest
Edition with amendments hereinafter referred to as the “Construction Standards”.
D. Related Sections: The following Sections contain requirements that relate to this
Section:
1. Section 31 00 00 – Earth Moving
2. Section 32 13 13 – Portland Cement Concrete Pavement
3. Section 01 60 00 - Product Requirements: Listing of Emissions and VOC
requirements.
4. Section 01 74 19 - Construction Waste Management and Disposal:
Procedural and administrative requirements for construction and
demolition recycling
5. Section 01 81 13 - Sustainable Design Requirements: Special
administrative and procedure requirements related to Owner’s LEED v4
for Schools Building Design + Construction (BD+C) goals of Certification.
6. Section 01 81 13a - LEED v4 Materials Reporting Form: Materials
Tracking for Building Product Disclosure and Optimization credits
1.2 DESCRIPTION OF WORK
A. Work included: Provide all labor, materials, equipment, and transportation
necessary to complete the placement of concrete. Such work includes, but is not
limited to, the following:
1. Tabby Seashell concrete walkways at the locations shown on the Plans
and specified herein.
1.3 SUBMITTALS
A. General: Refer to Division 01 Submittals provisions and procedures.
1. Provide product data for all materials and items, including reinforcement
and forming accessories, aggregates, admixtures, joint systems, curing
compounds, sealers and sealants.
Dennis Yarmouth Intermediate Middle School January 19, 2021
Dennis Yarmouth Regional School District 100% Construction Documents
Perkins Eastman DPC, project #71011
32 13 14 SEASHELL CONCRETE PAVING
2 of 14
2. Material Certificates: Provide copies of materials certificates signed by
material producer and Contractor, certifying that each material item
complies with, or exceeds, specified requirements.
3. Plant mix design for concrete.
B. The Contractor shall submit a one (1) gallon sample of the seashells for review
and approval by the Landscape Architect.
C. The Contractor shall provide a shop drawing indicating pouring sequence based
on the Plans.
D. The Contractor shall fabricate in the field one sample of the seashell concrete
paving in a single pour measuring 10’ long x 5’wide x 4” thick for approval by the
Landscape Architect. The sample shall demonstrate the final surface finishes,
texture, each joint type, seashell exposure and color that will be provided
uniformly throughout the project.
1. If the sample is approved, it may become part of the final work and shall
be the basis of workmanship for all other seashell concrete paving.
E. Provide all qualification data listed in Section 1.4 of this specification
F. LEED Submittals:
1. Provide manufacturers’ product documentation that includes recycled
content claims for the products contributing towards compliance. Claims
must conform to the definition in ISO 14021-1999, Environmental Labels
and Declarations, Self-Declared Environmental Claims.
2. Complete "LEED Materials Documentation Sheet" with MRc3 Option 2
information for products with recycled content installed in the building.
1.4 QUALITY ASSURANCE
A. Qualifications: The foreman and labors shall be thoroughly trained and
experienced in the skills required to complete seashell paving flatwork, be
completely familiar with the design and application of the work, be present at all
times during the work and perform the work. The foreman and laborers shall
have no less than five years minimum proven experience in the required paving
techniques and desired results. Submit list of installations, indicating location,
Owner, Architect/Engineer, date of installation, Contractor, and setting bed, for
approval by the Architect.
1.5 REFERENCE STANDARDS
A. ASTM: American Society for Testing and Material.
B. AASHTO: American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.
C. ACI: American Concrete Institute.
D. All ramps and curb ramps shall comply with American Disabilities Act
Accessibility Guidelines
Dennis Yarmouth Intermediate Middle School January 19, 2021
Dennis Yarmouth Regional School District 100% Construction Documents
Perkins Eastman DPC, project #71011
32 13 14 SEASHELL CONCRETE PAVING
3 of 14
1.6 TESTING, CONTROL AND INSPECTION
A. The Contractor will retain the services of a qualified independent testing agency,
approved by the Architect, to test aggregate and to prepare a mix design for each
strength of concrete specified; and shall submit such mix designs and test results
to the Architect for approval. Mix designs may also be based on proven current
designs accompanied by test results. The costs of all such preliminary services
shall be borne by the Contractor.
1. Testing equipment will be provided by and tests performed by the testing
laboratory. Upon request by the Architect, the testing laboratory shall provide
such auxiliary personnel and services needed to accomplish the testing work.
2. Concrete test cylinder tests shall be taken for each 50 cubic yards of concrete
placed, but at least one set for each day of concrete placements.
3. Testing required because of changes requested by the Contractor in
materials, sources of materials or mix proportions, and extra testing of
concrete or materials because of failure to meet the Specification
requirements shall be paid by the Contractor.
4. Concrete shall be sampled and tested for quality control as follows:
a. Sampling fresh concrete: ASTM C172
b. Concrete test specimens: ASTM C31
c. Slump: ASTM C143. – Slump shall be one to three inches, or five to
seven inches with Super plasticizer.
d. Air Content: ASTM C231
e. Compressive strength: ASTM C39 – Concrete shall be 4000 psi at 28
days
f. Unit Weight: ASTM C29
1.7 NOTIFICATION OF RELATED TRADES
A. Notify all other trades responsible for installing chases electrical handholes,
conduit, when ready for such installation, and for final checking immediately
before concrete is placed. Cooperate with such trades to obtain proper
installation.
1.8 PRE-INSTALLATION CONFERENCE
A. Installer of the Work of this Section is required to attend pre-installation
conference specified under this Specification.
B. Contractor shall request in writing an on-site meeting with the Owner’s
Representative, the General Contractor and Site Contractor, the Landscape
Architect and the Civil Engineer to review the scope of work prior to any work
taking place to review the site conditions. Any deficiencies in the site conditions
shall be remedied by the Contractor and approved by the Owner prior to
commencing any work.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
Dennis Yarmouth Intermediate Middle School January 19, 2021
Dennis Yarmouth Regional School District 100% Construction Documents
Perkins Eastman DPC, project #71011
32 13 14 SEASHELL CONCRETE PAVING
4 of 14
2.1 FORMS
A. Form Materials: Plywood, metal, metal-framed plywood, or other acceptable
panel-type materials to provide full-depth, continuous, straight, smooth exposed
surfaces.
1. Use flexible or curved forms for all radii indicated on the Plans.
B. Form Release Agent: Provide commercial formulation form-release agent with a
maximum of 350 g/L volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that will not bond with,
stain, or adversely affect concrete surfaces and will not impair subsequent
treatments of concrete surfaces.
2.2 REINFORCING MATERIALS
A. Reinforcing Steel Bars: Shall be newly rolled billet steel conforming to ASTM
A615 (Grade 60 unless noted). Bars shall be bent cold. Reinforcing bars being
welded shall conform to ASTM A706, Grade 60.
B. Joint Dowel Bars: Stainless steel bars, ASTM A955. Cut bars true to length with
ends square and free of burrs.
C. Welded Wire Mesh shall be welded plain cold-drawn steel wire fabric, ASTM A
185 and shall be supplied in sheets.
D. Supports for Reinforcement: Chairs, spacers, dowel bar supports and other
devices for spacing, supporting, and fastening reinforcing bars, welded wire
fabric, and dowels in place. Use wire bar-type supports complying with CRSI
specifications.
1. Use supports with sand plates or horizontal runners where base material
will not support chair legs. Concrete bricks may be used to support
reinforced steel where application allows.
E. Synthetic Reinforcement: Shall not be used for seashell Concrete.
2.3 CONCRETE MATERIALS
A. The Contractor shall insure that the final appearance of the sidewalks is consistent
throughout the whole project. Any differences in color, texture, or finish will not be
accepted by the Landscape Architect.
1. Any portion of sidewalk or walkway that does not match the color, texture, or
finish of previously constructed sidewalks will be removed and replaced with
a sidewalk that matches the recently poured sidewalks at the expense of the
Contractor.
B. Portland Cement: ASTM C 150, Type I for resistance to salt and ice melt
chemicals.
1. Use one brand of cement throughout Project.
C. Seashells: Shall be hard, sound, durable, smooth, and free of all deleterious
materials and staining qualities. Sharp, jagged edges will not be accepted.
1. Shells shall be thoroughly washed so that it is free of dust, dirt, and clay
Dennis Yarmouth Intermediate Middle School January 19, 2021
Dennis Yarmouth Regional School District 100% Construction Documents
Perkins Eastman DPC, project #71011
32 13 14 SEASHELL CONCRETE PAVING
5 of 14
particles.
2. All seashells shall be from same source throughout project.
3. Shells - Shell size shall be a range of ¼” to 1”.
4. Shells shall be in a color range of cold and warm tones: tan, gray, blue,
white, yellow and buff.
D. Water: Shall be from an approved source, potable, clean and free of oils, salts,
alkali, organic matter and other deleterious material.
2.4 ADMIXTURES
A. Provide concrete admixtures that contain not more than 0.1 percent chloride ions.
B. Air-Entraining Admixture: ASTM C 260, certified by manufacturer to be
compatible with other required admixtures.
C. Water-Reducing Admixture: ASTM C 494, C494M, Type D.
D. High-Range Water-Reducing Admixture: ASTM C 494, C494M, Type F
E. Water-Reducing and Accelerating Admixture: ASTM C 494, Type E.
F. Water-Reducing and Retarding Admixture: ASTM C 494, C494M, Type D.
2.5 CURING MATERIALS
A. Absorptive Cover: Burlap cloth made from jute or kenaf, weighing approximately
9oz. per sq. yd., complying with AASHTO M 182, Class 2.
B. Moisture-Retaining Cover: One of the following, complying with ASTM C 171.
1. Waterproof paper.
2. Polyethylene film.
3. White burlap-polyethylene sheet.
C. Clear Solvent-Borne Liquid Membrane-Forming Curing Compound: ASTM
C 309, Type I, Class A or B, wax free.
D. Clear Waterborne Membrane-Forming Curing Compound: ASTM C 309, Type I,
Class B.
1. Provide material that has a maximum volatile organic compound (VOC)
rating of 350g/L.
E. Evaporation Control: Monomolecular film-forming compound applied to
exposed concrete lab surfaces for temporary protection from rapid moisture loss.
F. Contractor shall use the same manufacturer for the curing compound, retarder
and sealer.
2.6 CONCRETE ADA ACCESSIBLE CURB CUTS
A. Contractor shall install concrete ADA accessible curb cuts at all locations shown on
plans. Curb cut configurations shall be as detailed on the Drawings.
Dennis Yarmouth Intermediate Middle School January 19, 2021
Dennis Yarmouth Regional School District 100% Construction Documents
Perkins Eastman DPC, project #71011
32 13 14 SEASHELL CONCRETE PAVING
6 of 14
1. All concrete curb cuts shall be isolated from surrounding concrete pavement
when applicable.
2. Curb cuts shall be built with cut curbstone to match concrete curb cut slopes.
B. Curb cuts shall not exceed:
1. Cross-slopes at front and back of curb cuts: 1.5% max.
2. Curb cuts: 7.5% max
C. All planes of the finished curb cuts shall be field checked for slopes using a two-
foot electronic “smart” level.
1. Curb cuts that do not comply with the slope requirements shall be cut out in
their entirety and completely rebuilt.
2.9 CHEMICAL SURFACE RETARDER
A. Chemical Surface Retarder must be a water-soluble, liquid-set retarder with
color dye, for horizontal concrete surface application, capable of temporarily
delaying final hardening of concrete depth of 1/8 to ¼ inch. The chemical
surface retarder must be approved by the Engineer before beginning
construction of sidewalks.
B. Contractor shall use the same manufacturer for the curing compound, retarder
and sealer.
2.10 CONCRETE SEALER
A. Concrete flatwork shall be surface coated with a non-yellowing, non-staining or
discoloring silane or siloxane-based sealer designated for finish concrete
surfaces. The product must demonstrate the ability to reduce water and salt
intrusion or absorption reduction by at least 80%, be VOC compliant, be
designed to absorb into the concrete surface, and included on the MassDOT
approved materials list for this type of sealing application. Note: Paraffin
based coatings or latex based surface coatings, or curing agents shall not
be used or approved for this application.
B. Contractor shall use the same manufacturer for the curing compound, retarder
and sealer.
2.11 JOINTS AND SEALANTS
A. Joint Material: Preformed polyethylene foam expansion joint material. Joint
material shall be flexible, lightweight, non-staining, polyethylene, closed-cell joint
filler. Joint material shall come pre-scored with a removable strip.
B. Sealant: Sealant shall be a single component, Type HL1, self-leveling,
premium-grade polyurethane sealant. Color shall be approved by the
Landscape Architect.
2.12 LEED Requirements
Dennis Yarmouth Intermediate Middle School January 19, 2021
Dennis Yarmouth Regional School District 100% Construction Documents
Perkins Eastman DPC, project #71011
32 13 14 SEASHELL CONCRETE PAVING
7 of 14
A. Wood products that are not reused, salvaged, or recycled must be certified to
the standards of the Forest Stewardship Council.
B. Provide products manufactured and extracted within 100 miles of the project site
whenever possible.
C. Provide products with the maximum recycled content possible. Minimum
recycled content 20%
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 CONCRETE MIX
A. Prepare design mixes for each type and strength of normal-weight concrete by
either laboratory trial batch or field experience methods as specified in ACI 301.
For the trial batch method, use a qualified independent testing agency for
preparing and reporting proposed mix designs.
1. Do not use the Owner's field quality-control testing agency as the
independent testing agency.
B. Proportion mixes according to ACI 211.1 and ACI 301 to provide normal-weight
concrete with the following properties:
1. Compressive Strength (28-Day), ASTM C39: 4000 psi.
2. Maximum Water-Cement Ratio at Point of Placement: 0.45.
3. Slump Limit at Point of Placement, ASTM C143: 3 inches maximum.
a. Slump limit for concrete containing high-range water-reducing
admixture (superplasticizer): Not more than 8 inches after adding
admixture to site-verified 2-to-3-inch slump concrete.
C. Add air-entraining admixture, ASTM C231, at manufacturer's prescribed rate to
result in concrete at point of placement having an air content as follows with a
tolerance of plus or minus 1-1/2 percent:
1. Air Content: 5.5 percent for 1-1/2-inch maximum aggregate.
2. Air Content: 6.0 percent for 1-inch maximum aggregate.
3. Air Content: 6.0 percent for 3/4-inch maximum aggregate.
4. Air Content: 7.0 percent for 1/2-inch maximum aggregate.
5. Air Content: 2.5 to 4.5 percent.
D. Addition of Synthetic Reinforcement: None.
E. Adjustment to Concrete Mixes: Contractor may request to the Architect Mix
design adjustments when characteristics of materials, project conditions,
weather, test results, or other circumstances warrant.
3.2 CONCRETE MIXING
A. Ready-Mixed Concrete shall be mixed and transported in accordance with
specification for Ready-Mixed Concrete ASTM C94, Alt. No. 3 and ACI Standard
304, “Recommended Practice for Measuring, Mixing, Transporting and Placing
Concrete.
Dennis Yarmouth Intermediate Middle School January 19, 2021
Dennis Yarmouth Regional School District 100% Construction Documents
Perkins Eastman DPC, project #71011
32 13 14 SEASHELL CONCRETE PAVING
8 of 14
3.3 SURFACE PREPARATION
A. Proof-roll prepared subbase surface to check for unstable areas and verify need
for additional compaction. Do not begin paving work until such conditions have
been corrected and are ready to receive paving. Note: Contractor shall confirm
that all compaction requirements of the base course have been met.
B. Remove loose material from compacted subbase surface immediately before
placing concrete.
3.4 INSTALLATION OF EMEDDED ITEMS
A. Conform to requirements of ACI 318, Chapter 6 “Conduits and Pipes Embedded
in Concrete”, and as specified below.
B. Installation if inserts required by other trades shall be coordinated with or shall
be installed prior to placing of reinforcing steel. All inserts to be supplied by the
respective trade and installed by the General Contractor.
3.5 EDGE FORMS AND SCREED CONSTRUCTION
A. Set, brace, and secure edge forms, bulkheads, and intermediate screed guides
for paving to required lines, grades, and elevations. Install forms to allow
continuous progress of work and so that forms can remain in place at least 24
hours after concrete placement.
B. Check completed formwork and screeds for grade and alignment to following
tolerances:
1. Top of Forms: Not more than 1/8 inch in 10 feet.
2. Vertical Face on Longitudinal Axis: Not more than 1/4 inch in 10 feet.
C. Clean forms after each use and coat with form release agent ensuring
separation from concrete without damage.
3.6 JOINTS
A. General: Construct contraction, construction and isolation joints true to line with
faces perpendicular to surface plane of concrete. Construct transverse joints at
right angles to building corners and changes in pavement direction unless
indicated otherwise on the Plans.
1. When joining existing paving, place transverse joints to align with
previously placed joints, unless indicated otherwise on the Plans.
2. Contractor shall sequence paving operations in logical order based on
the plan layout and approved shop drawings.
3. Contractor shall coordinate with Landscape Architect if there are any
discrepancies on the Plans or if there are specific questions regarding
joint placement.
B. Contraction or Control Joints: Provide weakened-plane contraction or control
Dennis Yarmouth Intermediate Middle School January 19, 2021
Dennis Yarmouth Regional School District 100% Construction Documents
Perkins Eastman DPC, project #71011
32 13 14 SEASHELL CONCRETE PAVING
9 of 14
joints off of all building corners, columns, changes in pavement directions and as
shown on the Drawings. Construct contraction or control joints for a depth equal
to at least 1/3 of the concrete thickness, as follows:
1. Sawed Joints: Sawcut contraction joints shall be as indicated on the
Plans with power saws equipped with shatterproof abrasive or diamond-
rimmed blades. Cut 1/8-inch-wide joints into hardened concrete when
cutting action will not tear, abrade, or otherwise damage surface and
before development of random contraction cracks.
2. Formed or Tooled Joints: Formed contraction joints shall be as
indicated on the Plans and with a grooving tool before concrete sets.
3. Joints perpendicular to walls may be less than required depth within 6
inches of the wall, and may stop 2 inches from the wall.
4. If a wet saw is used, all surrounding surfaces need to be washed to
remove all slurry and fines caused by the wet saw.
C. Construction Joints: Set construction joints at side and end terminations of
paving and at locations where paving operations are stopped for more than ½
hour, unless paving terminates at isolation joints. Construction joints should be
planned so that they coincide with contraction joint spacing to eliminate extra
joints.
1. Construction Joint support: Contractor shall provide sleeved round steel
dowels or haunched keyways at construction joints as shown on the
Plans.
2. Contractor shall manually insert dowel bars into the construction joints a
minimum of 48” on center or two per joint.
3. Continue reinforcement across construction joints unless indicated
otherwise. Do not continue reinforcement through sides of strip paving
unless indicated.
D. Isolation Joints: Form isolation joint material and sealant.
1. Isolation joints shall generally be located where there is a need to isolate
flatwork from other paving material, edges of buildings and structures,
columns, manholes, footings and changes in material and as specifically
shown on the Plans.
2. Extend polyethylene foam joint fillers to full width and depth of joint.
3. Furnish polyethylene foam joint fillers in one-piece lengths. Where more
than one length is required, lace or clip polyethylene foam joint filler
sections together.
4. Contractor shall manually insert dowel bars into the isolation joints a
minimum of 48” on center or two per joint.
5. After concrete is poured, top perforated portion of polyethylene foam
joint filler shall be removed.
6. Joint Sealant shall be applied in isolation joint after perforated portion of
polyethylene foam joint filler is removed. Sealant color shall match
concrete color and Shall Not be Bright White.
3.7 CONCRETE PLACEMENT
A. Inspection: Before placing concrete, inspect and complete formwork installation,
reinforcing steel, and items to be embedded or cast in. Notify other trades to
Dennis Yarmouth Intermediate Middle School January 19, 2021
Dennis Yarmouth Regional School District 100% Construction Documents
Perkins Eastman DPC, project #71011
32 13 14 SEASHELL CONCRETE PAVING
10 of 14
permit installation of their work. Notify the Architect at least 48 hours prior to
each placement.
B. Do not place concrete until conduit, catch basin frame and grates, manhole
frames and covers, granite curbing and other work to receive the concrete have
been inspected and approved by the Architect and all other trades concerned.
C. Remove snow, ice, or frost from subbase surface and reinforcing before placing
concrete. Do not place concrete on surfaces that are frozen.
D. Moisten subbase to provide a uniform dampened condition at the time concrete
is placed. Do not place concrete around manholes or other structures until they
are at the required finish elevation and alignment.
E. Conveying: Concrete shall be handled from the mixer to the place of final
deposit as rapidly as practicable by methods that will prevent separation or loss
of ingredients and in a manner which will assure that the required quality of the
concrete is retained.
F. Depositing: Delivery and placement of concrete shall be programmed so that
the time lapse between batching and placement shall not exceed 1-1/2 hours.
Concrete shall not be allowed a free fall over 4 feet. Concrete shall be
deposited as nearly as practicable in its final position to avoid segregation due to
rehandling or flowing.
G. Concrete shall be deposited continuously, in horizontal layers of such thickness
(not deeper than 18 inches) that no concrete will be deposited on concrete which
has hardened sufficiently to cause the formation of seams or planes of weakness
within the Section. Placing shall be carried out at such a rate that the concrete,
which is being integrated, with fresh concrete is still plastic. Concrete which has
partially hardened or which has been contaminated with foreign materials shall
not be deposited.
H. Deposit and spread concrete in a continuous operation between transverse
joints. Do not push or drag concrete into place or use vibrators to move concrete
into place.
1. When concrete placing is interrupted for more than 1/2 hour, place a
construction joint.
I. Use a bonding agent at locations where fresh concrete is placed against
hardened or partially hardened concrete surfaces.
J. Consolidate concrete by mechanical vibrating equipment supplemented by
hand-spading, rodding, or tamping. Use equipment and procedures to
consolidate concrete complying with ACI 309R.
1. Consolidate concrete along face of forms and adjacent to transverse
joints with an internal vibrator. Keep vibrator away from joint
assemblies, reinforcement, or side forms. Use only square-faced
shovels for hand-spreading and consolidation. Consolidate with care to
prevent dislocating reinforcing, dowels, and joint devices.
Dennis Yarmouth Intermediate Middle School January 19, 2021
Dennis Yarmouth Regional School District 100% Construction Documents
Perkins Eastman DPC, project #71011
32 13 14 SEASHELL CONCRETE PAVING
11 of 14
K. Screed paved surfaces with a straightedge and strike off. Use bull floats or
darbies to form a smooth surface plane before excess moisture or bleed water
appears on the surface. Do not further disturb concrete surfaces prior to
beginning finishing operations.
1. Place concrete in two operations; strike off initial pour for entire width of
placement and to the required depth below finish surface. Lay welded
wire fabric or fabricated bar mats immediately in final position. Place
top layer of concrete, strike off, and screed.
2. Remove and replace portions of bottom layer of concrete that have been
placed more than 15 minutes without being covered by top layer or use
bonding agent if acceptable to Architect.
L. When adjoining pavement lanes are placed in separate pours, do not operate
equipment on concrete until pavement has attained 85 percent of its 28-day
compressive strength.
M. Cold-Weather Placement: Comply with provisions of ACI 306R and as follows.
Protect concrete work from physical damage or reduced strength that could be
caused by frost, freezing actions, or low temperatures. Note to Contractor that
seashell concrete flatwork shall not be done under extreme cold conditions.
1. When air temperature has fallen to or is expected to fall below 40 deg F
(4 deg C), uniformly heat water and aggregates before mixing to obtain
a concrete mixture temperature of not less than 50 deg F (10 deg C) and
not more than 80 deg F (27 deg C) at point of placement.
2. Do not use frozen materials or materials containing ice or snow.
3. Do not use calcium chloride, salt, or other materials containing
antifreeze agents or chemical accelerators unless otherwise accepted in
mix designs.
N. Hot-Weather Placement: Comply with provisions of ACI 305R and as follows
when hot weather conditions exist.
1. Cool ingredients before mixing to maintain concrete temperature at time
of placement to below 90 deg F (32 deg C). Mixing water may be chilled
or chopped ice may be used to control temperature, provided water
equivalent of ice is calculated to total amount of mixing water. Using
liquid nitrogen to cool concrete is Contractor's option.
2. Cover reinforcing steel with water-soaked burlap if it becomes too hot,
so that steel temperature will not exceed the ambient air temperature
immediately before embedding in concrete.
3. Fog spray forms, reinforcing steel, and subgrade just before placing
concrete. Keep subgrade moisture uniform without standing water, soft
spots, or dry areas.
3.8 TABBY SEASHELL PAVEMENT FINISH
A. Adjacent planting areas shall be protected prior to seashell exposure.
B. In accordance with manufacturer’s recommendations, a set retarder shall be
sprayed or brushed over the concrete surface. The rate of the application of the
Dennis Yarmouth Intermediate Middle School January 19, 2021
Dennis Yarmouth Regional School District 100% Construction Documents
Perkins Eastman DPC, project #71011
32 13 14 SEASHELL CONCRETE PAVING
12 of 14
retarder shall be sufficient so that the depth of mortar paste removed, on
exposing the shells, shall be no more that 1/8-inch. The surface treated with
retarder shall be protected by covering with polyethylene sheeting or paper to
prevent drying out. The retarded mortar paste shall be removed within 12 hours
after placement. The use of a set retarder may be waived by the Architect,
provided assurance is guaranteed that all of the seashell surface finish is
uniform in exposure and appearance.
C. The exposing of the shells shall be accomplished by simultaneously brushing
and hosing of the mortar with water. Care shall be exercised not to overexpose
or dislodge the shells.
D. After the exposing of shells has been completed, the residue of the work shall be
removed and legally disposed of, and any existing surface or facility splattered
or stained shall be thoroughly cleaned.
3.9 CONCRETE PROTECTION, CURING AND SEALING
A. General: Protect freshly placed concrete from premature drying and excessive
cold or hot temperatures. Comply with the recommendations of ACI 306R for
cold weather protection and ACI 305R for hot weather protection during curing.
B. Evaporation Control: In hot, dry, and windy weather, protect concrete from rapid
moisture loss before and during finishing operations with an evaporation-
control material. Apply according to manufacturer's instructions after screeding
and bull floating, but before floating.
C. Begin curing after finishing concrete but not before free water has disappeared
from concrete surface.
D. Curing Methods: Cure concrete by moisture curing, moisture-retaining-cover
curing, curing compound, or a combination of these as follows:
1. Moisture Curing: Keep surfaces continuously moist for not less than 7
days with the following materials:
a. Water.
b. Continuous water-fog spray.
c. Absorptive cover, water saturated, and kept continuously wet.
Cover concrete surfaces and edges with a 12-inch lap over
adjacent absorptive covers.
2. Moisture-Retaining-Cover Curing: Cover concrete surfaces with
moisture-retaining cover for curing concrete, placed in widest practicable
width, with sides and ends lapped at least 12 inches, and sealed by
waterproof tape or adhesive. Immediately repair any holes or tears
during curing period using cover material and waterproof tape.
3. Curing Compound: Apply uniformly in continuous operation by power
spray or roller
according to manufacturer's directions. Recoat areas subjected to heavy
rainfall within 3 hours after initial application. Maintain continuity of
coating and repair damage during curing period.
E. Sealer: Apply uniformly in 2 coats in continuous operations according to
Dennis Yarmouth Intermediate Middle School January 19, 2021
Dennis Yarmouth Regional School District 100% Construction Documents
Perkins Eastman DPC, project #71011
32 13 14 SEASHELL CONCRETE PAVING
13 of 14
manufacturer’s written instructions. Allow first coat to dry before applying
second coat.
1. Begin sealing dry surface no sooner than 14 days after concrete
placement.
2. 6 months after initial sealing, the Contractor shall clean and reseal all
exposed seashell surfaces according to this specification.
3.10 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL TESTING
A. Employ a qualified independent testing and inspection agency to sample
materials, perform tests, and submit test reports during concrete placement as
follows:
B. The Owner will employ a qualified testing and inspection agency to sample
materials, perform tests, and submit test reports during concrete placement.
Sampling and testing for quality control may include the following:
1. Sampling Fresh Concrete: ASTM C 172, except modified for slump to
comply with ASTM C 94.
a. Slump: ASTM C 143; one test at point of placement for each
compressive- strength test but no less than one test for each
day's pour of each type of concrete. Additional tests will
be required when concrete consistency changes.
b. Air Content: ASTM C 231, pressure method; one test for each
compressive- strength test but no less than one test for each
day's pour of each type of air-entrained concrete.
c. Concrete Temperature: ASTM C 1064; one test hourly when air
temperature is 40 deg F (4 deg C) and below and when 80 deg F
(27 deg C) and above, and one test for each set of compressive-
strength specimens.
d. Compression Test Specimens: ASTM C 31; one set of four
standard cylinders for each compressive-strength test, unless
directed otherwise. Mold and store cylinders for laboratory-cured
test specimens except when field-cured test specimens are
required.
e. Compressive-Strength Tests: ASTM C 39; one set for each
day's pour of each concrete class exceeding 5 cu. yd. but less
than 25 cu. yd., plus one set for each additional 50 cu. yd. Test
one specimen at 7 days, test two specimens at 28 days, and
retain one specimen in reserve for later testing if required.
2. When frequency of testing will provide fewer than five strength tests for
a given class of concrete, conduct testing from at least five randomly
selected batches or from each batch if fewer than five are used.
3. When total quantity of a given class of concrete is less than 50 cu. yd.,
Architect may waive strength testing if adequate evidence of satisfactory
strength is provided.
4. When strength of field-cured cylinders is less than 85 percent of
companion laboratory-cured cylinders, evaluate current operations and
provide corrective procedures for protecting and curing the in-place
concrete.
5. Strength level of concrete will be considered satisfactory if averages of
Dennis Yarmouth Intermediate Middle School January 19, 2021
Dennis Yarmouth Regional School District 100% Construction Documents
Perkins Eastman DPC, project #71011
32 13 14 SEASHELL CONCRETE PAVING
14 of 14
sets of three consecutive strength test results equal or exceed specified
compressive strength and no individual strength test result falls below
specified compressive strength by more than 500 psi.
C. Test results will be reported in writing to Architect, concrete manufacturer, and
Contractor within 24 hours of testing. Reports of compressive strength tests
shall contain the Project identification name and number, date of concrete
placement, name of concrete testing agency, concrete type and class, location
of concrete batch in paving, design compressive strength at 28 days, concrete
mix proportions and materials, compressive breaking strength, and type of break
for both 7-day and 28-day tests.
D. Nondestructive Testing: Impact hammer, sonoscope, or other nondestructive
device may be permitted but shall not be used as the sole basis for acceptance
or rejection.
E. Additional Tests: The testing agency will make additional tests of the concrete
when test results indicate slump, air entrainment, concrete strengths, or other
requirements have not been met. Testing agency may conduct tests to
determine adequacy of concrete by cored cylinders complying with ASTM C 42.
3.11 REPAIRS AND PROTECTION
A. Remove and replace concrete paving that is broken, damaged, or defective, or
does not meet the requirements of this Section. Concrete workmanship that has
crumbled and broken edges will not be accepted.
B. Drill test cores where directed by Architect when necessary to determine
magnitude of cracks or defective areas. Fill drilled core holes in satisfactory
pavement areas with Portland Cement Concrete bonded to paving with epoxy
adhesive.
C. Protect concrete from damage. Exclude traffic from paving for at least 14 days
after placement. When construction traffic is permitted, maintain paving as
clean as possible by removing surface stains and spillage of materials as they
occur.
D. Maintain concrete paving free of stains, discoloration, dirt, and other foreign
material. Sweep concrete paving not more than 2 days prior to date scheduled
for Substantial Completion inspections.
E. Refer to 3.9, E herein for resealing operations.
END OF SECTION 32 13 14