HomeMy WebLinkAboutGW-SurfaceWater-Wetlands Monitoring Plans (combined)_May 2024
Memorandum
To: Laurie Ruszala, Town of Yarmouth
From: Karilyn Heisen CDM Smith
Date: May 13, 2024
Subject: 99 Buck Island Road Yarmouth MA 22-WP83-0005-APP - Groundwater and Surface
Water Monitoring Plan
A groundwater monitoring plan was included as part of the Hydrogeologic Application 22-WP83-0005-
APP for the 99 Buck Island Road Site in Yarmouth submitted on July 28, 2022. A memorandum
supporting a groundwater discharge permit limit of 0.37 MGD at 99 Buck Island Road was submitted on
May 10, 2024. This memorandum is an update to the monitoring plan submitted in July 2022. Revisions
have been made based on discussion with MassDEP on May 8, 2024. In addition, a Wetlands Monitoring
Plan has been developed by Horsley Witten and is attached to this memorandum.
Water levels will be monitored at 14 wells and 7 surface water locations shown in Figure 1. The list of
wells and the monitoring purpose is provided in Table 1. Surface water location SW-13 will also be
utilized for the wetlands monitoring along wetlands transect PB2. Manual water level measurements
will be recorded monthly. Three wells (MW-17, BW-225, and NEW-1) and 1 surface water location
(SW-2) will be monitored with transducers recording water levels at a minimum every 4 hours.
The proposed wells will be named with the year of installation (i.e., 24-01, 24-02, 24-03 if installed in
2024). One new well will be installed at the corner of West Circuit Road and North Circuit Road to
provide information on water levels in this neighborhood (NEW-1). Two new wells are proposed south
of the site to provided information on background water quality from the bogs (NEW-3) and to be
positioned downgradient of the proposed infiltration beds (NEW-2). Location NEW-2 is located on the
Raymond J. Syrjala Conservation Area. The existing trail is likely sufficient for access from a track-
mounted drill rig. If installation of this location is not possible due to conservation restrictions, the
location will be moved north to the boundary of the 99 Buck Island Road parcel.
Water quality samples will be collected at 5 groundwater locations and 5 surface water locations on a
quarterly basis. Water quality samples will be analyzed for specific conductance, pH, nitrate-nitrogen,
total nitrogen and total phosphorus, listed in Table 2. Groundwater samples will also be analyzed for
VOCs annually.
Monitoring for all locations will commence at least one calendar year prior to the start of infiltration at
the recharge beds. This will allow for collection of background information. Water levels at Circuit Road
(NEW-1) will begin as soon as possible to provide a dataset over several years in the neighborhood.
After one year of baseline and one year of system monitoring, water quality results will be reviewed and
potential reductions in sample frequency proposed for background locations at NEW-1 and MW-1 and
surface water locations.
MA 22-WP83-0005-APP - Groundwater and Surface Water Monitoring Plan
May 13, 2024
Page 2
Table 1 – Groundwater and Surface Water Monitoring Points
Well Location Monitored as part
of Existing
Sprayfield
Water Level
Monitoring
Water Quality
Sampling
Groundwater Locations
BW-218 Upgradient Monthly
MW-17 Upgradient (near Plashes Brook) Yes Continuous
MW-22A Upgradient Yes Monthly Quarterly
MW-1 Upgradient (near cranberry bog) Yes Monthly Quarterly
BW-225 Downgradient (west towards
cranberry bog)
Continuous
MW-8 Cross-gradient (across cranberry
bog)
Monthly
BW-231 Downgradient (east towards
Plashes Brook
Monthly
MW-23A Cross-gradient (across Plashes
Brook)
Yes Monthly
MW-24 Downgradient (south) Monthly
MW-25 Downgradient (south) Monthly
MW-5 Downgradient (southwest) Monthly Quarterly
NEW-1 Corner of Circuit Road North and
West
Continuous
NEW-2 Downgradient (south) Monthly Quarterly
NEW-3 Background near bogs Monthly Quarterly
Surface Water Locations
SW-9A Big Sandy Bog Upstream of Inlet Monthly Quarterly
SW-10A Big Sandy Bog Upstream of Control Monthly Quarterly
SW-10B Big Sandy Bog Downstream of
Control
Monthly
SW-12 Outlet Brook of Bogs Monthly Quarterly
SW-3 Plashes Brook Upstream Monthly Quarterly
SW-13 Plashes Brook - Proposed Wetlands
Transect PB2 (SG-2)
Monthly
SW-2 Plashes Brook Upstream of Sluice Continuous Quarterly
Table 2 – Water Quality Monitoring Plan Parameters and Frequency
Parameter Frequency of Analysis
Specific Conductance Quarterly
pH Quarterly
Nitrate-Nitrogen (NO3) Quarterly
Total Nitrogen (NO3+NO2+TKN) Quarterly
Total Phosphorus Quarterly
Volatile Organic Compounds Annually (Groundwater samples only)
Wetlands Monitoring Plan
Buck Island Road Water Resource Recovery Facility (WRRF)
Yarmouth, Massachusetts
Prepared for:
Town of Yarmouth
1146 Route 28
South Yarmouth, MA 02664
MassDEP File #083-2422
Prepared by:
May 2024
i
Wetlands Monitoring Plan
Buck Island Road Water Resource Recovery Facility
Contents
1.0 Background .................................................................................................. 2
2.0 Study Area ................................................................................................... 3
3.0 Baseline Condition ....................................................................................... 3
3.1 Establishing Transects and Monitoring Plots ................................................................... 3
3.2 Documenting Wetland Plant Communities ..................................................................... 6
3.3 Additional Baseline Data .................................................................................................. 8
4.0 Monitoring Schedule and Reporting ............................................................ 8
5.0 References ................................................................................................... 9
Wetlands Monitoring Plan Horsley Witten Group, Inc.
99 Buck Island Road, Yarmouth, MA May 2024
Page 2 of 10
1.0 Background
The Town of Yarmouth is currently pursuing the first of eight phases of the Town’s multi-phase
40-year Comprehensive Wastewater Management Plan (CWMP)1. The CWMP is designed to
improve water quality within coastal estuaries and harbors by collection and centralized
treatment of wastewater, thereby reducing nitrogen loads which currently enter the aquifer
through existing septic systems.
Phase 1 includes the construction of a new centralized Water Resource Recovery Facility
(WRRF) at 99 Buck Island Road; construction of a wastewater collection system, including
sewers and pumping stations; and return of the treated wastewater effluent to infiltration
basins at the 99 Buck Island Site. Wastewater will be collected in the Lewis Bay, Parkers River,
Bass River, and Nantucket Sound watersheds in Yarmouth. For Phase 1, an average annual flow
of 0.417 MGD will be collected, treated, and returned to the groundwater at multiple locations.
The first discharge location will be permitted for 0.37 MGD at 99 Buck Island Road. This
proposed Phase 1 work will require obtaining both a Groundwater Discharge Permit (GWDP)
from the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection (MassDEP) and an Order of
Conditions (OOC) from MassDEP and the Yarmouth Conservation Commission.
The Town filed a Notice of Intent (NOI) application (MassDEP File No. 083-2422) with the
Yarmouth Conservation Commission for this first phase of the CWMP, to occur at the Town-
owned 151.56-acre acre site at 99 Buck Island Road. While there will be no work within wetland
resource areas or wetland buffer zones as part of this proposed project , the project may
potentially impact wetland resource areas by increasing water levels within the downgradient
wetlands; a potential impact consistent with the definition of “alter” in the recently proposed
amendments (December 2023) to the Massachusetts Wetlands Protection Act regulations at
310 CMR 10.04.
This Wetlands Monitoring Plan was developed to support the pending GWDP and focuses on
the potential water level change impacts to wetlands hydrology and vegetation communities
within wetlands proximal to the Buck Island Road facility. This plan is intended to be
implemented in conjunction with the “Buck Island Groundwater Monitoring Plan” (May 2024)
developed by CDM Smith. Data collected under the two monitoring plans will be used to
evaluate potential correlations between increases in groundwater levels and changes to
wetlands vegetation or overall wetlands plant communities within the potential zone of
influence from the WRRF.
The 99 Buck Island Road location is the first of several locations for proposed recharge. It is
anticipated that this monitoring plan would be adaptable to other locations within the Town of
1 The complete CWMP is available on-line at https://www.yarmouth.ma.us/2033/Project-Management.
Wetlands Monitoring Plan Horsley Witten Group, Inc.
99 Buck Island Road, Yarmouth, MA May 2024
Page 3 of 10
Yarmouth for other future phases, and/or may serve as a model in the future for other
municipalities.
2.0 Study Area
The focus of this monitoring plan is on the wetland resource areas downgradient from the 99
Buck Island Road WRRF, and specifically on the plant communities within the Bordering
Vegetated Wetlands (BVW) to Plashes Brook and within one potentially isolated vegetated
wetland (IVW) proximal to the proposed infiltration basins at the 99 Buck Island Road WRRF
(see Figure 1). The proposed infiltration basins are located within a cleared area that is
surrounded by forested habitat. Active cranberry bogs are located to the west and the north,
Plashes Brook and associated wetlands are located to the east, and additional wetlands are
located to the south. As presented in the NOI and the referenced Abbreviated Notice of
Resource Area Delineation (ANRAD) and subsequent 2009 Order of Resource Area Delineation
(ORAD) issued by the Yarmouth Conservation Commission (MassDEP File #083-1864, 2009), the
wetlands areas were previously developed and utilized as cranberry bogs and have since been
abandoned. Portions of the Plashes Brook wetland system are located within the Town-owned
Raymond J. Syrjala Conservation Area adjacent to and southeast of the project site.
Plashes Brook, which flows in a southerly direction along the eastern portion of the site, has its
flow controlled both upgradient and downgradient of the site . North of Buck Island Road, flow
in Plashes Brook is controlled by water control structures in the cranberry bogs; between Buck
Island Road and Winslow Gray Road, Plashes Brook flows uncontrolled through the remnants of
historical cranberry bogs and then into an area of deep marsh, whose water levels are
controlled by planks within a concrete weir and flume structure, located just north of Winslow
Gray Road.
3.0 Baseline Condition
HW field biologists conducted site visits with wetlands analysists from Massachusetts
Department of Environmental Protection (MassDEP) on April 2, 2024 and with MassDEP and
the Yarmouth Conservation Agent on April 17, 2024 to review site conditions and identify
appropriate locations for long term monitoring locations based upon the modeled groundwater
under the proposed WRRF discharge condition at 0.29 MGD.
3.1 Establishing Transects and Monitoring Plots
Based upon site conditions and locations of the modeled zone of potential influence, we
recommend establishing three monitoring transects through the BVW along Plashes Brook, as
well as one additional transect through an apparent (although not confirmed) isolated wetland
Wetlands Monitoring Plan Horsley Witten Group, Inc.
99 Buck Island Road, Yarmouth, MA May 2024
Page 4 of 10
located south of the proposed infiltration basins (see Figure 1). The locations of the transects
were selected based upon field conditions within the wetland areas of most concern in order to
incorporate a diversity of habitat (forested swamp, shrub swamp) and hydrologic conditions
observed at the time of the site visits. The transects were further refined to align with
established monitoring wells for future data analyses. As shown on Error! Reference source not
found., additional wells and surface water staff gauges will be added along each transect to
fully document the range of potential hydrologic conditions from the WRRF into the
downgradient wetlands, across Plashes Brook (and the isolated IVW surface water); and the n
up through the wetlands on the opposite side of Plashes Brook or the IVW.
Transects will extend for varying distances traversing the wetlands along both sides of Plashes
Brook and extending into the upland areas on both sides of the wetlands. Transects will be
established with flagging tape and staking (permanent markers) that are GPS-located and
surveyed onto a baseline plan.
Along each transect, existing conditions will be documented to establish baseline conditions
prior to the WRRF going online. Existing conditions monitoring will include:
• Delineation of wetland boundaries, following the Massachusetts Handbook for
Delineation of Bordering Vegetated Wetlands (MassDEP 2022)2; wetland delineations
will extend a minimum of 25 feet laterally out from either side of the transect, creating a
50-foot wide corridor for establishing vegetation monitoring plots.
• Establish vegetation monitoring plots along each transect as follows and as illustrated
on Figure 1.
Wetlands closer in proximity to WRRF
1. One plot to occur just upgradient of the established wetland boundary for a
distance of approximately 15-20 feet, to coincide with the upgradient
topography that is higher in elevation than the wetland boundary, and where
vegetation is fairly uniform. This plot will be established with the aid of survey so
that elevations are understood.
2. One plot will be established immediately downgradient of the delineated
wetland boundary in a similar manner for approximately 15-20 feet, depending
on the topographic conditions.
3. One plot will be established immediately along the surface water.
2 The wetland boundaries should be reviewed and confirmed by the Conservation Commission either informally, or
through the issuance of an Order of Resource Area Delineation (ORAD).
Wetlands Monitoring Plan Horsley Witten Group, Inc.
99 Buck Island Road, Yarmouth, MA May 2024
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Wetlands on Opposite Side of Surface Water from WRRF
4. One plot will be established immediately along the surface water on opposite
bank from WRRF.
5. One plot will be established immediately downgradient of the delineated
wetland boundary for approximately 15-20 feet, depending on the topographic
conditions.
6. One plot to occur just upgradient of the established wetland boundary for a
distance of approximately 15-20 feet, to coincide with the upgradient
topography that is higher in elevation than the wetland boundary.
The corners of the monitoring plots will be established with flagging tape and staking
(permanent markers), and GPS-located/surveyed onto a baseline plan.
Figure 1. Typical Wetlands Monitoring Transect.
Wetlands Monitoring Plan Horsley Witten Group, Inc.
99 Buck Island Road, Yarmouth, MA May 2024
Page 6 of 10
3.2 Documenting Wetland Plant Communities
To document baseline conditions, vegetation data will be collected in all plots mirroring the
methodology for wetland boundary delineation (MassDEP 2022). For the purposes of assessing
vegetation, species abundance will be collected for all plants according to vegetative strata:
• Trees: woody plants with a DBH of 3 inches or greater (regardless of height)
• Shrubs and Saplings: woody vegetation greater than or equal to 3.3 feet (1 meter) in
height, but less than 3 inches DBH
• Woody Vines: woody vines greater than 3.3 feet (1 meter) in height
• Herbaceous: all non-woody vegetation of any height; includes woody vegetation and
woody vines less than 3.3 feet (1 meter) in height
Plants will be identified to species level (if possible) and the relative abundance of each species
within each vegetative strata will be assessed using the midpoint of cover ranges (Table 1) per
the MassDEP Handbook to reduce variability.
Table 1. Cover Ranges and Midpoints for assessing relative abundance of plant species.
Data will be recorded on MassDEP Bordering Vegetated Wetland Determination Forms or U.S.
Army Corps of Engineers Wetland Determination Data Form - Northcentral and Northeast
Region. The general condition of the plant species, including any vegetative adaptations to
wetland conditions (growth on mounds, shallow roots, adventitious roots, etc.) will also be
noted.
Table 2 identifies the species that were observed during site visits in April 2024, as well as
species documented in the previous ANRAD report (2009). This table is intended to be iterative
and should be updated with species observed in each plot, as well as addit ional herbaceous
species that were not observed during the previous site visits, and further refinements of the
hydrologic classification in each monitoring plot once established.
Wetlands Monitoring Plan Horsley Witten Group, Inc.
99 Buck Island Road, Yarmouth, MA May 2024
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Table 2. Wetland Plant Species Inundation Tolerance, {Lashes Brook Wetland System, 99 Buck Island Road, Yarmouth, MA
Habit Common Name Latin
Region 1
Indicator
Status
Water Depth Tolerance/Nontidal Regime
Community Type
(Cowardin
Classification)
TREE Atlantic White Cedar Chamaecyparis thyoides OBL Irregular/semipermantly inundated or saturated PFO
TREE Black Gum or Tupelo Nyssa sylvatica FAC Irregular to seasonally inundated or saturated PFO
TREE Eastern White Pine Pinus strobus UPL Susceptible to flood damage PFO
TREE Pitch Pine Pinus rigida FACU Irregularly to seasonally inundated or saturated PFO
TREE Red Maple Acer rubrum FAC Irregular to seasonally inundated or saturated PFO
TREE Scarlet Oak Quercus coccinea UPL Drought tolerant, dry soils PFO
SHRUB Highbush Blueberry Vaccinium corymbosum FACW Seasonally inundated or saturated PFO, PSS
SHRUB Inkberry Ilex glabra FACW Seasonally inundated or saturated (13 to 26% of growing season)PFO, PSS
SHRUB Silky Dogwood Cornus amomum/Swida amomum FACW Irregularly to seasonally inundated or saturated (25% of growing season)PFO, PSS
SHRUB Swamp Azalea Rhododendron viscosum FACW Seasonally to regularly inundated or saturated (13 to 75% of growing season)PFO, PSS
SHRUB Sweet Pepperbush Clethra alnifolia FAC Seasonally to regularly inundated or saturated PFO, PSS
SHRUB Winterberry Ilex verticillata FACW Irregular to seasonally inundated or saturated PFO, PSS
SHRUB Leatherleaf Chamaedaphne calyculata OBL Irregularly, sesonally, or regularly saturated PSS, PEM
VINE Common Greenbriar Smilax rotundifolia FAC Good drainage, moist, occasionally dry PFO, PSS
VINE Poison Ivy Toxicodendron radicans FAC moist, well drained PFO, PSS
HERBACEOUS Bracken Fern Pteridium aquilinum FACU Variety of soils except saturated soils PFO, PSS
HERBACEOUS Cinnamon Fern Osmundastrum cinnamomeum FACW Seasonally to regularly inundated or saturated PFO, PSS
Wetlands Monitoring Plan Horsley Witten Group, Inc.
99 Buck Island Road, Yarmouth, MA May 2024
Page 8 of 10
3.3 Additional Baseline Data
Color Photos of each observation plot will be captured from a fixed location and view aspect
(photo station) for comparison among monitoring events.
Soils Data within each plot will also be recorded, although changes within soils are not
anticipated to be documented in the short term.
4.0 Monitoring Schedule and Reporting
All water level and vegetation monitoring will begin at least one year prior to the WRRF coming
online and continue for at least five years after the WRRF is activated. The baseline monitoring
report will be submitted prior to the start of operation of the new WRRF recharge beds. The
first year of monitoring will be the year following the start of operation of the WRRF beds.
During the monitoring period:
• Water level data collection from wells and staff gauges along wetlands monitoring
transects will occur quarterly timed with other ongoing water level monitoring at the
site (Buck Island Groundwater Monitoring Plan (CDM, May 2024)).
• Plant data collection along the wetlands transects will occur twice annually during the
early growing season (June) and late growing season (September or October):
During each monitoring session, vegetation data will be collected on wetland data forms
(those used in the baseline data) and water logging sheets. Qualitative data will also be
documented regarding the general health and vigor of the plant species in each plot,
with particular attention paid to Facultative (FAC) or Facultative Upland (FACU) and
Upland (UPL) species that may occur within the data plots (see Table 2 as updated).
Data collected in each plot will also be assessed and compared to both the baseline
condition and to the observations made in the plots within similar potential areas of
influence. Finally, the wetland boundaries will be confirmed at the end of the growing
season (e.g., the September monitoring session).
Field reports will be prepared after each monitoring session. Annual draft and final “Wetland
Monitoring Reports” will be submitted to the Yarmouth Conservation Commission and
MassDEP at the end of each of the five growing seasons, and will include the following:
• Wetland Vegetation Data Forms and a comparison to baseline conditions;
• Photo documentation from each monitoring session;
• Groundwater and surface water recording logs;
• A narrative description of the wetland hydrology at each Plot , accounting for
climatological anomalies (drought or excessive rainfall);
Wetlands Monitoring Plan Horsley Witten Group, Inc.
99 Buck Island Road, Yarmouth, MA May 2024
Page 9 of 10
• Correlation of vegetation data and water level data; and
• An analysis of the collected data compared to the conceptual model for wetland
hydrology developed for the study area, including an analysis of observed or expected
sources of bias which may compromise the data set, if applicable.
Potential changes to the monitoring plans and schedules will be discussed with MassDEP after
that initial 5-year period.
5.0 References
Buck Island Groundwater Monitoring Plan developed by CDM Smith, May 2024.
Comprehensive Wastewater Management Plan, Town of Yarmouth, MA
https://www.yarmouth.ma.us/2033/Project-Management
Jackson, S.D., et. al., 2022. Massachusetts Handbook for Delineation of Bordering Vegetated
Wetlands, Second Edition. Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection. Bureau
of Water Resources. (https://www.mass.gov/doc/massachusetts-handbook-for-delineation-
of-bordering-vegetated-wetlands/download).
Wetland Hydrology Monitoring Guidance for Water Withdrawal Permit Compliance,
Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection, Bureau of Resource Protection,
Wetlands and Waterways Program (https://www.mass.gov/doc/wetland-hydrology-
monitoring-guidance-for-water-withdrawal-permit-compliance-0/download).