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Date Ziz-t- /z Z"/ /
Size.of Septic Tank a
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Inent Materials Should Be Pumped Out Periodically
See Paragraph A.3 (over)
LOCATION OF SYSTEM
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FUNCTIONS OF SEPTIC TANK SYSTEMS
The septic tank systern is the most common type of sewage treatment.
The system is economical and adaptable for homes and commercial or
instifutional type installations where ready access to sewers is not avail-
able and other types of sewage treatment are impossible or too ex-
pensive.
A- Functions occurring within a qe_ pqic tank to condition the sewage
for final disposal by percolaiion into the sub-soil of the ground:
1. Solids that would clog the sub-soil are removed by settling of' the heavier solids to the bottom of the tank, forming a sludge
blanket. Then the lighter solids rise to the surface of the liquid
and form a scum layer.
2. Solids and liquids within the tank are decomposed by bacterial
and natural process under anaerobic (absence of oxygen) con-
ditions. This process is termed "septic" from which the septic
tank obtained its name.
3. Sludge and scum are stored within the tank where digestion
will reduce the volume. However, no matter how efficient the
process is, some inert material will remain that must be re-
moved mechanically before it is scoured into the disposal field
. and cause clogging.
B. Functions occurring within a Ieaching field to complete the final
&sposal of the septic tanl< effluent:
1. The elfluent is disposed by percolation through ttre soil.
2. Purification of the effluent is affected by filtering through the
soil. It is here that the disease-producing bacteria are removed,
since they die due to exposure to an unfavorable environment.
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